Oxytetracycline

Oxytetracycline is a tetracycline antibiotic medicine available in Bangladesh under many brand names. Below are its uses, dosage, side effects and precautions — and all brands with their current prices.

• Treatment of infections caused by oxytetracycline-susceptible bacteria, when considered appropriate by a doctor.
• May be used for certain respiratory tract, skin and soft tissue, urinary or genital infections caused by susceptible organisms.
• May be used for some infections such as acne, rickettsial, chlamydial, or mycoplasma infections where tetracycline therapy is appropriate.
• Topical preparations may be used for susceptible superficial skin infections as directed on the label or by a healthcare professional.

The dose and duration depend on the infection being treated, the formulation, age, weight, kidney and liver function, and local antibiotic guidance. Oral oxytetracycline is usually taken in divided doses and is best taken with plenty of water; many tetracyclines are taken away from milk, antacids, iron, zinc, or calcium supplements because these can reduce absorption. Injection should be given only by trained healthcare professionals. Complete the full prescribed course unless a doctor advises otherwise, and do not use leftover antibiotics.

• Nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, abdominal discomfort, loss of appetite.
• Inflammation or irritation of the mouth, throat, or oesophagus, especially if taken without enough water or just before lying down.
• Photosensitivity, causing easier sunburn or rash after sunlight exposure.
• Headache, dizziness, or skin rash.
• Overgrowth infections such as oral or vaginal thrush.
• Serious allergic reactions, severe skin reactions, persistent or bloody diarrhoea, liver problems, or blood disorders are rare but require urgent medical help.
• Tooth discoloration and effects on bone growth can occur if used during tooth development, such as in pregnancy or young children.

Use Oxytetracycline only for bacterial infections where it has been prescribed, and do not share it with others. People with liver disease, kidney disease, a history of allergy to tetracyclines, swallowing problems, or sensitivity to sunlight should inform their doctor before use. Avoid excessive sunlight or tanning lamps and use sun protection. Take oral doses with plenty of water and avoid lying down immediately after taking them. Use under a registered doctor's or pharmacist's guidance.

• Antacids and supplements containing aluminium, magnesium, calcium, iron, zinc, or bismuth can reduce absorption; separate dosing as advised by a pharmacist or doctor.
• Milk and dairy products may reduce absorption of oral oxytetracycline in some cases.
• Warfarin and other anticoagulants may have increased effect; monitoring may be needed.
• Retinoids such as isotretinoin or acitretin may increase the risk of raised intracranial pressure and should generally not be combined.
• Penicillin-type antibiotics may have reduced antibacterial effect when used together; combine only if specifically prescribed.
• Enzyme-inducing medicines such as some antiepileptics may reduce tetracycline levels.

• Known allergy to oxytetracycline or any tetracycline antibiotic.
• Pregnancy, unless a specialist decides the benefit clearly outweighs the risk.
• Children under 8 years of age, unless there is a compelling medical reason and specialist advice.
• Use of expired tetracycline medicines should be avoided because degraded products may be harmful.

Oxytetracycline is generally avoided during pregnancy because tetracyclines can affect fetal bone growth and cause permanent tooth discoloration when used during tooth development. During breastfeeding, short courses may sometimes be considered by a doctor, but prolonged or repeated use is usually avoided; seek medical advice before use.

Store in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight and moisture, and keep out of reach of children. Do not use after the expiry date. Follow the label instructions for injections, powders, sprays, or other specific formulations, and dispose of unused or expired antibiotics safely.