ChamberAcne · ব্রণ (অ্যাকনে)
Acne is a very common skin condition in which clogged hair follicles produce spots, blackheads and inflamed bumps, most often on the face, back and chest. It is not caused by poor hygiene, and with the right routine and treatment it can be controlled well.
What is acne?
Acne develops when oil (sebum) and dead skin cells block a hair follicle, allowing skin bacteria to multiply and trigger inflammation. It ranges from a few blackheads to widespread inflamed bumps. Acne is most active during the teenage years but can continue or first appear in adulthood, especially in women.
Symptoms
Acne can show up as several types of spots, often together:
- Blackheads — small open pores that look dark at the surface
- Whiteheads — closed clogged pores that stay firm
- Papules and pustules — tender red bumps, some with a white centre
- Nodules and cysts — larger, painful lumps deeper in the skin that can scar
Causes and risk factors
Hormonal changes that raise oil production are the main driver, which is why acne flares at puberty, around periods and in pregnancy. Family history, oily or comedogenic cosmetics, friction from helmets or straps, and some medicines can make it worse. Diet and hygiene are not the cause, though greasy products and over-washing can aggravate it.
Diagnosis
A doctor usually diagnoses acne by looking at the skin and grading it as mild, moderate or severe. For adult women with irregular periods or extra hair growth, a doctor may check for hormonal causes such as PCOS.
Treatment
Mild acne often responds to gentle cleansing and over-the-counter products. Moderate to severe acne needs prescription creams or oral medicines from a doctor, and severe scarring acne may need specialist care. Treatments take time — give any routine at least 6 to 8 weeks before judging it, and never squeeze deep spots.
Self-care and prevention
Wash the affected skin no more than twice a day with a mild cleanser and lukewarm water, choose oil-free non-comedogenic products, remove make-up before bed, shower after sweating, and avoid picking at spots. These habits will not cure acne but help keep it under control.
When to see a doctor
See a dermatologist or doctor if acne is painful, leaving scars, not improving after a couple of months of self-care, or affecting your confidence and mood. Early treatment of deep nodular or cystic acne helps prevent permanent scarring.
Doctors who treat Acne
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Common medicines prescribed
Frequently asked questions
Does eating oily or sugary food cause acne?
Food does not directly cause acne, which is mainly driven by hormones and clogged follicles. Some people notice flares with certain foods, but there is no single 'acne diet' — focus on a balanced diet and a good skin routine.
Will acne go away on its own?
Mild acne often improves with age, usually by the mid-20s. However, waiting can allow deep spots to leave scars, so it is wise to treat moderate or painful acne rather than just wait.
Is it safe to pop pimples?
No. Squeezing spots pushes bacteria deeper, increases inflammation and is a common cause of scars and dark marks. Let spots heal and use proper treatment instead.
Which doctor should I see for acne?
A dermatologist (skin specialist) is ideal for persistent, severe or scarring acne. A general physician can also start treatment and refer you if needed.